Cyber Law
2 entries
Case Summary: Shreya Singhal v. Union of India
AIR 2015 SC 1523
In its most important free-speech judgment of the internet era, the Supreme Court struck down Section 66A of the IT Act, 2000 as unconstitutionally vague and overbroad — it criminalised "grossly offensive" or "annoying" online speech without distinguishing protected discussion and advocacy from punishable incitement, and was not saved by Article 19(2). The Court read down Section 79 (intermediaries need act only on a court order or government notification) and upheld Section 69A (blocking) for its procedural safeguards. Despite being void, Section 66A continued to be used for years — the "zombie law" problem the Court later moved to stop.
The Digital Personal Data Protection Act 2023 - Explained with Notes
India's first standalone data-protection law explained — its journey from the IT Act and Puttaswamy, the rights of data principals and duties of data fiduciaries, penalties up to ₹250 crore, and the phased implementation under the DPDP Rules, 2025.